Designing a Blockchain-Based Digital Twin for Cyber-Physical Production Systems

Trust in all processes on the shopfloor is crucial for the success of a production process, especially in cross company scenarios such as shared manufacturing, in which independent parties interact with each other. A cyber-physical production system (CPPS) contributes to the vision of a decentralized, self-configuring and flexible production. Digital twins (DTs) can visualize the material, information and financial flows in real time and improve the process transparency of such production systems. The efficiency of digital twins depends on the integrity of the provided data, especially if data is shared across company borders. Due to its characteristics such as immutability and transparency, blockchain technology (BCT) provides a basis for establishing the desired trust in the systems on the shopfloor. This paper proposes the design of a BCT-based DT in CPPS. The design is demonstrated by a prototype including smart contracts attached to a CPPS simulation model visualizing the information and material flow. Tasks are decentrally allocated, deployed and safely documented via blockchain. The demonstrator is revealing supplementary benefits in terms of transparency provided by the BCT. This paper further examines whether BCT can enrich existing solutions and provide a reliable information basis for profound data and process analysis

PLANETA ARTE: desenhando e compartilhando arte através de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem

O presente artigo apresenta o Planeta Arte, no que se refere ao contexto envolvido, fundamentação teórica, questões técnicas, pedagógicas e de design. Trata-se de uma funcionalidade do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem PLANETA ROODA, disponívelem http://www.nuted.edu.ufrgs.br/planetarooda, o qual é destinado à Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais

Corrigendum to "Transverse extension of partons in the proton probed in the sea-quark range by measuring the DVCS cross section" [Phys. Lett. B 793 (2019) 188]

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Einsatz von Social Media als Marketinginstrument im Krankenhaussektor

Thevis L, Fischer F. Einsatz von Social Media als Marketinginstrument im Krankenhaussektor. In: Fischer F, Krämer A, eds. eHealth in Deutschland – Anforderungen und Potenziale innovativer Versorgungsstrukturen. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer; 2016: 457-466

Über die Verwendung von Blockchain-basierten Token in cyber-physischen Produktionssystemen

Services and devices in a Cyber-Physical Production System (CPPS) can be provided and requested by multiple parties. Therefore, CPPS face challenges such as cross-company interactions, data security, and robustness against failure. Blockchain Technology (BCT) appears to be a suitable solution for these challenges, since it ensures immutable, trust-building, partly automatable, and transparent data handling and storage. In particular, BCT-based tokens enable the digital representation of objects such as products, tools and machinery or values and permissions and offer new possibilities for CPPS. Thus, this contribution focuses on the application of tokens in CPPS. Multiple use cases for tokens such as asset-backed tokens or utility tokens are presented. Based on this, a concept for an asset-backed token, representing material in a CPPS, is developed and demonstrated in a simulation model.Die Dienste und Geräte in einem Cyber-Physischen Produktionssystem (CPPS) können von mehreren Parteien bereitgestellt und nachgefragt werden. Daher stehen CPPS vor Herausforderungen wie unternehmensübergreifenden Interaktionen, Datensicherheit und Robustheit gegenüber Ausfällen. Die Blockchain-Technologie (BCT) scheint eine geeignete Lösung für diese Herausforderungen darzustellen, da sie eine unveränderbare, vertrauensbildende, teilweise automatisierbare und transparente Datenverarbeitung und -speicherung gewährleistet. Insbesondere BCT-basierte Tokens ermöglichen die digitale Darstellung von Objekten wie Produkten, Werkzeugen und Maschinen oder Werten und Berechtigungen und bieten neue Möglichkeiten für CPPS. Daher konzentriert sich dieser Beitrag auf die Anwendung von Tokens in CPPS. Es werden verschiedene Anwendungsfälle für Tokens vorgestellt, wie etwa Asset-Backed Tokens oder Utility Tokens. Darauf aufbauend wird ein Konzept für einen Asset-Backed Token entwickelt, der Material innerhalb eines CPPS repräsentiert, und in einem Simulationsmodell demonstriert wird

Ein Konzept für ein blockchain-basiertes Cyber-Physisches Produktionssystem

This contribution evaluates the feasibility of blockchain technology for processes of a cyber-physical production system (CPPS) using a decision framework. The evaluation is based on an implemented CPPS use case. Opportunities for the use of smart contracts are identified and two exemplary smart contracts are designed. To integrate the heterogeneous and resource-constrained IoT devices of a CPPS, three levels of connection to the blockchain are identified and applied to the use case. This work contributes to the implementation of an extensive blockchain-based CPPS.Dieser Beitrag evaluiert den Einsatz der Blockchain-Technologie für Prozesse eines cyber-physischen Produktionssystems (CPPS) anhand eines Entscheidungsrahmens. Die Evaluation basiert auf einem bestehenden CPPS Anwendungsfall. Es werden Möglichkeiten für den Einsatz von Smart Contracts identifiziert und zwei beispielhafte Smart Contracts entworfen. Um die heterogenen und ressourcen-beschränkten IoT-Geräte eines CPPS zu integrieren, werden drei Ebenen der Anbindung an die Blockchain identifiziert und auf den Anwendungsfall angewendet. Diese Arbeit trägt zur Implementierung eines umfangreichen blockchain-basierten CPPS bei

CD80 Is Upregulated in a Mouse Model with Shear Stress-Induced Atherosclerosis and Allows for Evaluating CD80-Targeting PET Tracers

Purpose: A shear stress-induced atherosclerosismouse model was characterized for its expression of inflammation markers with focus on CD80. With this model, we evaluated two positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracers targeting CD80 as well as 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-mannose ([18F]FDM) in comparison with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG). Procedure: A flow constrictive cuff implanted around the common carotid artery in apolipoprotein E knockout mice resulted in plaque formation. CD80 expression levels and plaque histopathology were evaluated. Serial PET/X-ray computed tomography scans were performed to follow inflammation. Results: Plaque formation with increased levels of CD80 was observed. Histologically, plaques presented macrophage-rich and large necrotic areas covered by a thin fibrous cap. Of the CD80- specific tracers, one displayed an increased uptake in plaques by PET. Both [18F]FDG and [18F]FDM accumulated in atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusion: This mousemodel presented, similar to humans, an increased expression of CD80 which renders it suitable for non-invasively targeting CD80-positive immune cells and evaluating CD80- specific radiotracers